Classification
Bloor in 1943 classified lipids on the basis of their chemical composition as shown in figure 3.1:
Lipids classified into 3 type
1 Simple Lipids or Homolipids
A) Fata and Oils
Simple Triglycerides
Mixed Triglycerides
B) Waxes
1) Sperm whale wax
2) Beeswax
3) Carnauba wax
2 Compound Lipids or Heterolipids
A) Phospholiplds (Phosphatides)
1) Phosphoglycerides
i) Lecithins ii) Cephalins iii) Plasmalogens
2) Phosphoinositides (Phosphatidyl inositols)
3) Phosphosphingosides (Sphingomyelins)
B) Głycolipids(Cerebrosides)
1) Kerasin 2) Phrenosin 3) Nervon 4) Oxynervon
3 Derived Lipids
A) Steroids
1) C29, C28, C27 steroids
i) Cholesterol ii)Coprostanol iii)Cholestanol iv) Ergosterol
2) C24 steroids
3) C21, C19, CI8 steroids
B) Terpenes
1) Monoterpenes 3) Diterpenes 4) Triterpenes 2) Sesquiterpenes 5) Tetraterpenes 6) Polyterpenes
C) Carotenoids
1) Lycopene 2) Carotenes 3) Xanthophylls
Classification of Lipids
1) Simple Lipids:
These are esters of fatty acids containing various alcohols and carry no other substance.
i) Fats and Oils:
These are esters of fatty acids containing glycerol. are also fats but are present in the liquid state.
ii) Waxes: These are esters of fatty acids containing high molecular weight monohydric alcohols.
2) Compound Lipids: These are esters of fatty acids, containing an alcohol, a fatty acid, and other groups,
i) Phospholipids: These lipids consist of fatty acids, an alcohol, and a phosphoric acid residue. They frequently have nitrogen-containing bases and other substituents, e.g., in glycerophospholipids the alcohol is glycerol and in sphingophospholipids the alcohol is sphingosine.
ii) Glycolipids (Glycosphingolipids): These lipids consist of a fatty acid, sphingosine, and carbohydrate.
3) Derived Lipids: These are hydrolysed derivatives of simple or compound lipids. Examples of this class of lipids are fatty acids, glycerol, steroids, terpenes, carotenoids, fatty aldehydes, etc.
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